{"id":3806,"date":"2018-07-01T17:18:00","date_gmt":"2018-07-01T15:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/campus.burg-halle.de\/gast\/?p=3806"},"modified":"2022-09-30T12:46:16","modified_gmt":"2022-09-30T10:46:16","slug":"second-skin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/projects\/reuse\/second-skin\/","title":{"rendered":"SECOND SKIN"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='white' style='background:rgba(0,0,0,0); border:solid 0px rgba(0,0,0,0); border-radius:0px; padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;'>\n<div id='slider_1222' class='owl-carousel sa_owl_theme owl-pagination-true autohide-arrows' data-slider-id='slider_1222' style='visibility:hidden;'>\n<div id='slider_1222_slide01' class='sa_hover_container' style='padding:5% 5%; margin:0px 0%; background-image:url(&quot;https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1_Produktfotos-Einheitlich-3-von-7web.jpg&quot;); background-position:center bottom; background-size:cover; background-repeat:no-repeat; 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Excess skin and its valuable ingredients usually stay\nunused and are disposed of. By chopping and homogenising the skin pieces, a\nviscous mass is produced. This can be shaped by 3D printing or injection\nmoulding. The gluing properties of the skin create a sturdy, flexible material,\nwhich can be optimised for various applications with the aid of enzymes. These\nenzymes, such as transglutaminase, create cross-links within or between the\nproteins of the skin \u2013 similar to the tanning process of leather.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Injection moulding:<\/strong><br>\nThe injection moulding process is attractive due to its cheap production of\nhigh volumes. However, the high shrinkage factor of the skin mass, the escaping\nwater and high adhesion to various materials require a technical adaptation of\nstandard injection moulding machines. As new paper injection moulding proves,\nthese requirements for mould and machine can already be achieved by in\u00addustry\ntoday.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3D printing:<\/strong><br>\nTo print the skin mass, a ceramic 3D printer is the best choice. They can print\npasty masses thanks to a special extruder. Subsequently, the printed object\nmust be dried in the oven. The challenge is to give the skin mass a printable\npasty consistency. By adjusting various parameters, such as humidity and the\namount of enzyme, this can be regulated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Transglutaminase catalyses the linkage of protein-bound glutamine and\nlysine sidechains and forms an isopeptide bond. This means that the collagen in\nthe skin is cross-linked by transglutaminase. In order to test its\neffectiveness, samples were placed in water. The material which is not\ncrosslinked dissolved over time, while the one with the enzyme remained\ndimensionally stable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-verse\">Manifest by Jakob M\u00fcller<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"786\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/campus.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/reuse-jakob_manifest.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3808\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/reuse-jakob_manifest.jpg 786w, https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/reuse-jakob_manifest-768x977.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 786px) 100vw, 786px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table alignright is-style-regular\"><table><tbody><tr><td>student:<\/td><td>Jakob M\u00fcller<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>project:<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/campus.burg-halle.de\/gast\/projects\/reuse\/\">REUSE<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>year:<\/td><td>2018<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SECOND SKIN 3D printing or moulding with by-products of the leather industry Second Skin is a material study that deals with the unused parts of skin in the tanning industry. Excess skin and its valuable ingredients usually stay unused and are disposed of. By chopping and homogenising the skin pieces, a viscous mass is produced. &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/projects\/reuse\/second-skin\/\" class=\"more-link\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u201eSECOND SKIN\u201c<\/span> weiterlesen<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":3811,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"coauthors":[123],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3806"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3806"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3806\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7947,"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3806\/revisions\/7947"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3811"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3806"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3806"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3806"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.burg-halle.de\/gast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=3806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}